Desiccant dehumidifiers, also known as absorption dehumidifiers, are designed to help eliminate warm moist air. These machines typically run on electricity or fuel.
To know more about desiccant dehumidifiers, continue reading through this article.
What Is a Desiccant Dehumidifier?
Desiccant dehumidifiers, also known as absorption dehumidifiers, use special filters to help remove excess moisture from indoor spaces.
In addition, desiccant dehumidifiers are sometimes used as air purifiers for removing specific pollutants from the air such as dust, pollen, and smoke.
The collected water can be used for other purposes such as washing clothes or watering plants.
Desiccant dehumidifiers are considered to be the most energy-efficient type of appliance within this category. While they may use slightly more power than refrigerant models, that extra energy is used to run the air compressor.
Desiccant dehumidifiers are typically an excellent choice for large, open areas that have a low humidity level (under 60% relative humidity). They are also used to control warm humid air in warehouses and factories where incoming humid air levels can get as high as 90%.
How Does a Desiccant Dehumidifier Work?
Desiccant dehumidifiers use an absorbent material, such as silica gel, to remove moisture from the air. They do so by attracting liquids and vapor with polar molecules such as silica dioxide (SiO2) desiccants. This is also known as adsorption drying (adsorb moisture).
When water vapor comes into contact with this substance, it becomes trapped on its surface. The trapped moisture then flows into a collection container,
When the air passes through the dehumidifier, water condenses on the desiccant's surface. The water then drips down and into a collection bin or container. The process is aided by a fan, which forcibly distributes dry air over desiccant materials.
It's important to use dehumidifiers properly when working with silica gel-based desiccants. Never leave them exposed in an unventilated area as this can cause damage and shorten their life span.
When Should You Use a Desiccant Dehumidifier?
This type of dehumidifier (Desiccant dehumidifier) is ideal for homes and businesses that have humidity levels between 30% and 50%.
This makes them a perfect choice for rooms within homes or office buildings that have constant (fixed) humidity levels.
They also work best in climates with low humidity levels, typically under 70%. This type of model is also excellent for humid climates with excessive moisture in the air.
Desiccant dehumidifiers are not recommended for homes or buildings that have fluctuating humidity levels and/or temperatures within a room. For these types of environments, model choices with electronic controls and more advanced moisture removal features will prove to be better. Desiccant units also can't effectively cool a room.
How to Maintain a Desiccant Dehumidifier?
You should take good care of your unit to increase its durability. This includes following the manufacturer's instructions when it comes to maintenance and keeping the unit clean.
In addition, you should periodically inspect the desiccant material to make sure that it is not clogged or blocked, which can prevent being moisture absorbers.
You should also remove and clean the filter used to trap dust, dirt, and other particles that can affect performance at least once a month. If it is very dirty or clogged, you may need to replace it more often than this.
1. Regular Cleaning
The first step is to clear the collection tray of any water that may have collected there. Remove it and empty out the contents as necessary.
2. Desiccant Maintenance
It is also important to inspect the desiccant filter every few weeks to make sure that moisture is not trapped on or near its surface. If you notice any, remove the filter from the unit and wipe it down. The filter is delicate so use a soft cloth to avoid damaging it.
3. Clean the Exterior
Since the desiccant dehumidifier has an electric motor, you should never let water or cleaning solution run down its surface or drip onto it. Do not spray any type of liquid on or near this unit.
4. Change Filters as Needed
You should also replace the filter on the desiccant unit periodically if it becomes very dirty or clogged. Use a soft brush to remove dirt buildup on this type of filter, which is delicate so do not use too much pressure.
5. Perform Regular Maintenance Checks
The final step is to perform regular maintenance checks on your desiccant dehumidifier over the course of one year. This includes checking how much water has collected in the collection tray as well as inspecting its filter and exterior for any signs of wear.
Desiccant Dehumidifier Advantages
1. Wide Temperature Range (Low-Temperature Operation)
Desiccant dehumidifiers can work in an extensive temperature range and won't freeze up during colder temperatures, unlike compressor dehumidifiers (refrigerant) can.
This makes them a great choice for those living in areas with cold winters or heavy snowfall.
2. Extremely Low Humidity Levels
Desiccant dehumidifiers can work to help eliminate moisture from the air in very dry areas. This makes them a great choice for households that live within an extremely humid climate.
They can help you maintain humidity levels below 50%, which means they're an excellent choice for people who live in dry climates or homes with forced heat systems.
3. Consistent Efficiency (Moisture Removal Rate) At Any Temperature and Humidity Level
This type of dehumidifier is efficient at removing moisture from the air regardless of humidity levels or temperature within a room.
This makes them an excellent choice for homes that have varying indoor climates throughout the day, such as during the summer and winter months.
4. Very Quiet
Desiccant dehumidifiers typically run at a low decibel rating, which makes them an excellent choice for households with sleeping infants.
Even the most advanced desiccant dehumidifiers are designed to run quietly. Many even claim from desiccant dehumidifier reviews to be virtually noiseless, operating at under 45 decibels.
5. Light and Easily Transportable
Desiccant dehumidifiers are smaller in design and weight than other types of dehumidifiers.
In addition, they come with built-in handles for easier carrying and maneuvering from room to room. This type of unit even has a desiccant wheel for improved portability.
Desiccant Dehumidifier Disadvantages
1. Limited Capacity
Desiccant dehumidifiers are limited in capacity, which means they can't effectively handle large or open spaces over 500 square feet with high humidity levels.
This makes them a poor choice for homes that are located within areas with high humidity levels (over 60% relative humidity).
2. Value
Desiccant dehumidifiers are designed to operate at a slower rate than electronic and refrigeration-based units. This means they remove very small amounts of moisture from the air per hour.
Because of this, desiccant units work best in homes or rooms that have fixed humidity levels within or below 50%.
3. Smell
Because desiccant units attract water, they can contribute to an accumulation of musty odors.
However, the odor issue is typically resolved by emptying the moisture collection container more frequently or if necessary, replacing the desiccant material with a fresh one.
Why Do I Need a Desiccant Dehumidifier?
If you live in a damp home this dehumidifier may be your best choice. The device hardly makes any noise, so it's fine if you want to use it at night or when watching television.
If there is too much moisture and humidity in your home, then get one of these desiccant dehumidifiers since they are designed to work in damp air conditions.
These devices are often used in basements, bathrooms, and laundry rooms where they can be useful for removing excess moisture from the air.
Like other sorts of dehumidifiers, desiccant dehumidifiers are good in the same way. They can be used for different reasons and they are useful in preventing you from various problems.
Desiccant dehumidifiers will make a perfect choice when it comes to dry air, simply because they dissipate moisture that may cause mold or mildew growth, improving your indoor comfort level.
It's also good for keeping mites and other insects out. It can be great at maintaining the humidity balance, but that is not just what it does.
This type of dehumidifier features a flexible design that adapts to fit your needs. It's also equipped with an auto-restart function when the power goes off or there are any issues with the power supply.
How to Choose a Desiccant Dehumidifier?
There are certain aspects you should consider before buying a unit of this type. These include:
1. Size
The first step is to decide on the size of the dehumidifier that you need. Since desiccant units work well for smaller spaces, you should purchase a unit suited for about 1000 square feet.
2. Noise Level
Another factor is the noise level of the appliance during operation. Smaller units typically operate with little or no noise at all while larger models tend to be noisier.
3. Energy Efficiency
Look for a unit that has been tested and rated as "Energy Star" to ensure that it meets federal energy-efficiency guidelines.
4. Filter Type
You should also consider the filter used by the appliance since this will affect performance. Electrostatic filters tend to be more expensive than other types but do a better job of capturing dust and pet dander.
5. Automatic Features
The unit should also include automatic features that will turn the appliance on whenever the humidity exceeds a certain level, for example, 60%. These models are more efficient than units that must be manually turned on and off when needed.
Commercial vs Consumer Desiccant Dehumidifiers
When looking for a desiccant dehumidifier, consumers have two main choices.
Commercial Desiccant Dehumidifiers
These appliances are powerful and capable of removing moisture much more quickly than consumer models.
On the downside, these units can cost thousands of dollars to purchase. In addition, they often require the use of a professional to install them.
Consumer Desiccant Dehumidifiers
These units are not nearly as powerful as their commercial counterparts but can be purchased at a much lower price point.
In terms of installation, they are much easier to set up. However, as these units are not rated for heavy commercial use, it's important that you turn them off when the space reaches desired humidity levels.
Desiccant Vs. Compressor Dehumidifiers
Desiccant dehumidifiers are not the only type available for consumers. Another option is a compressor dehumidifier that works by removing moisture from the air through compression and cooling.
1. Efficient
Desiccant models are more efficient than those with compressors, particularly in terms of energy usage. In addition, they produce condensation on windows and other surfaces that could cause damage.
2. Longer Lasting
Desiccant models do not contain any type of refrigerant, which is the main component in compressor-type dehumidifiers and is responsible for leaks as well as damage to the unit itself. Therefore, they are more durable than are much less likely to experience any type of problem.
3. Quieter Operation
For those living in warmer climates, you may be interested in a desiccant dehumidifier that can remove excess humidity even when temperatures are very high. This is less likely if your home has a central air conditioner since the unit will already be engaged and removing moisture from the warm air.
4. Less Expensive to Purchase and Operate
Desiccant models typically only require the use of a dehumidifier fan or small motor. As such, they tend to be much less expensive overall than their compressor-based counterparts.
5. Lower Humidity Levels
Desiccant dehumidifiers work to remove moisture more efficiently at lower humidity levels, which may be ideal for those living in warmer climates with high humidity during the summer months. They can also reduce indoor air quality and cause damage to materials such as wood or textiles.
6. Cannot Work When Temperatures Are High
During the summer months, a desiccant dehumidifier will not be able to remove moisture from the air unless temperatures within your home are cooler. This is because they rely on direct contact with the moist air in order for water to condense into liquid form.h
7. Frequent Tank Fills
These appliances also fill up much more frequently than compressor-based dehumidifiers, which could be an inconvenience for some or require the purchase of larger tanks.
8. Higher Initial Cost
This type of dehumidifier is typically more expensive to purchase, particularly in terms of energy usage but tends to last longer and provide greater convenience overall. This is why many homeowners choose to install them in basements, attics, and garages rather than areas that are easier to reach.
Related Article: Compressor Dehumidifier: What Is It & How It Works?
Desiccant Dehumidifier FAQ
How Long Do Desiccant Dehumidifiers Last?
Desiccant units are actually not as long-lasting as compressor models since they do not contain any type of refrigerant. In addition, most consist of only a small motor or fan which can wear out over time.
However, these models are typically manufactured in a way that allows them to be easily dismantled with replacement parts available for purchase when necessary.
What Would Cause a Desiccant Dehumidifier Not to Collect Water?
Sometimes, a dehumidifier will not collect water because the unit is simply not turned on.
Also, some models are unable to remove moisture when temperatures inside are above 80°F. This is because they rely on direct contact with the air in order to produce condensation.
Finally, there could be an issue with the drainage system that would prevent water from entering your home's drainage piping. In this case, you should also check your home's gutter extension and drain openings which may also become clogged.
Read more: How do I install a desiccant dehumidifier?
